In order to investigate the structural evolution and paleostress analysis of the study area, north of Qazvin, geometry and kinematics of the faults were measured. Following these measurements, the stress tensor and variation of stress directions in different rock units were calculated. For this purpose, 186 fault surfaces and slicken lines from 12 sites were selected and measured. The results of the dynamic analysis using Angelier’s (1991) inversion method indicated that the stress direction changed during Eocene. They also show some changes in the stress field direction, which occurred after Eocene. According to our dynamic analysis on the faults, we classified the tectonic events in the study area. The principal stress axes and their directions for all sites are calculated using Angelier’s software. The results of our study indicate that the main stress dominated in this area is an extension during Eocene. Analysis of the obtained data from this part of the western Alborz Mountains (north Qazvin), indicates a major NE-SW extension in the Eocene volcanic and sedimentary rocks. This extension direction is also confirmed by the direction of volcanic dykes, which have intruded in the same period in this area.

The structure ,ofthe flow at SIDE-weiris very complicatedand in spite of numerous works on this topic, no general model exists for accurate estimation of the discharge. Irrigation canals are usually built in trapezoidal cross sections; however, most previous researches for SIDE-weirs were carried out in canals with rectangular cross section. In particular, no .work was done on the effect of upstream SIDE slope on SIDE-weir discharge coefficient.In this study, to investigate the effect of SIDE slope and weir height on discharge coefficient, a long physical model was built and a series of experimentaltests were carried outunder different flow conditions. The experimental model consists of a trapezoidal concrete canal with different SIDE slopes as: 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1 and 1:1.5, and constant base width of 0.4 m at all reaches. All SIDE-weirs were set at constant height of 0.1 m, and constant length of 0.3 m. The experiments were carried out in different flow conditions and the discharge was measured using pre-calibrated standard right angle V-Notch. A mathematical model was developed to estimate discharge coefficients and overflow discharge over the SIDE-weir.The mathematical model was compared with experimental data. To compare the developed model with some of the previous mathematical models, the results of those models were also compared with the experimentaldata. The results showed that the developed model gives better estimation of discharge coefficient,when compared with the previous models for open-end flow condition. Additionally, the experimental results for similarflow conditions showed that the SIDE slope of 1:0.5 gave high discharge coefficientas comparedwith the other SIDE slopes.

Electrospinning is an easy and efficient method for preparing nanofibers on laboratory and industrial scales. In recent years, various studies have been done with special attention to specific structures, increasing the application and eliminating the shortcomings of previous methods. Janus structure is one of the new and widely used structures that due to the limitations and challenges in achieving this structure, such as nozzle design, phase separation of two polymer solutions during electrospinning, flow rate control, optimal voltage and other parameters, the published reports in this field, are limited. SIDE-by-SIDE electrospinning is one of the common ways to achieve this special structure. In this method, with appropriate nozzle design, two polymer solutions can be electrospun simultaneously. In addition, the nozzle design and the related parameters such as needle diameter, angle, and distance between the nozzles are of special importance. Also, parameters related to the rheological behavior of the polymer, especially viscosity, are crucial in achieving this particular structure. In this paper, the methods of preparation of Janus nanofibers by SIDEby-SIDE electrospinning method, new structures based on these nanofibers, including the study of structure and production methods through SIDE-by-SIDE electrospinning, are briefly reviewed.

In this survey as a case study, the mutual effects of  Tehran - Stock Exchange - Price Index (TEDPIX) and Iran's economic growth have been investigated. To do this, the data about the above variables during 1999-2010 has been collected through quarterly data and by econometric method evaluation, especially Johansson's cointegration test and vector error correction model, the mutual relationship between the variables has been dealt with.The results of Johansson's cointegration test showed that there is a long term balance relation in the above variables. Also the results of the vector error correction method showed that there is a unidirectional relationship between the above variable from economic growth to Tehran - Stock Exchange - Price Index (TEDPIX).and consequently demand SIDE approach was approved in improving fainancial markets.

Age-related macular degeneration and its complication, subretinal neovascularization, are common causes of progressive, irreversible impairment of central vision. Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has improved the visual outcome and provided an evolution in the treatment of retinal disease. The current four antiVEGF drugs – pegaptanib, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and bevacizumab – have been administered for many years. A new anti-VEGF agent, brolucizumab, was approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in late 2019 for the treatment of wet agerelated macular degeneration. Brolucizumab is a novel single-chain fragment variable antibody that inhibits all isoforms of VEGF-A and has been suggested to have more tissue penetration. Despite all the benefits, there are some reports of serious SIDE effects that need to be understood in managing patients. Brolucizumab has been reported to cause occlusive retinal vasculitis in the setting of intraocular inflammation, which has not been seen in other anti-VEGF medications. A PubMed and Scopus search was performed and all article types were included. In the present article, we have reviewed the reported SIDE effects of brolucizumab.

Scour around pier in the flow is an Inevitable issue. Estimation of scour depth and understanding the flow field around pier would help us to design with safer factor. The most important factor of scour around pier is changing of streamelines that leads to a system so called local scour. It consist of two vortices: horseshoe vortices and wake vortex. The obstacle creates down flow jet in front of pier that collide with bed sediments and carry them to the downstream, making the horseshoe vortice. The wake vortex is caused by splitting the streamelines and formation of low pressure flow field region and absorption of flow in rear of pier and pick up the bsd sdiments in this district.In this study we used the numerical model SSIIM as a CFD model to simulate flow and scour pattern Simultaneously around a group piers. This model can be used in hydraulic and environment engineering and has the ability of sediment transport calculation in bed transient movement with temporal dependent as the most important advantage in compare with the other CFD models. The verification of this model was implemented by data and results reported for SIDE by SIDE piers examinations as one of the group categorize. In this model we conSIDEred the k-e and k-e seperately as a turbulence model to solve the eddy viscousity of 3D Navier-Stokes flow equations and use their outputs as inputs of sediment transition equations, we used Power-Law scheme as one of the descritization method of First-Order upstreame scheme to solve the flow and sediment equations on the grids. The pressure term of Navier-Stokes equations in cells was calculated by SIMPLE algorithm which is the First-Order upstreame scheme too. Also by changing the G/D distant ratio on the other simulation runs, we generated the diagrams with comparative situation with experimental diagrams.Results in the last time of simulation showed there is much more value of horizontal and vertical velocity between the piers than the other SIDEs. It was 57% of final maximum scour depth in first hour of calculation. Similarly to velocity, The final scour patterns showed there is more scour depth counters between the piers. In details it was deriven that the scour depth pattern was symmetric in early time of calculation, but with time passing it appeared more in the region of between the piers. Although Numerical results show the SSIIM model have calculated the erosion depth in front of piers with high accuracy resulted from good calculation of down flow, comparisons between model results and data show the scour depth pattern that the model calculated the wake vortices behind the piers and Interference the horseshoe vortex between the piers with overestimate value and there are deeper countors of scour depth than experiment diagram. Also the RMS index of scour depth has been calculated in the grid and it represented the values of 0.0353 for k-e model and 0.0899 for k-e model. Therefore, the k-e turbulence model resulted better scour depth pattern calculated in compare with k-e turbulece model.

The flow behind two flat plates placed normal to the flow in SIDE-by-SIDE arrangement was experimentally investigated by varying the gap ratio G* (the ratio of gap spacing to plate width) in the range of 0. 0 ≤ G* ≤ 2. 5 to examine the effect of gap ratio on the wake. The flow patterns around the plates were observed using the hydrogen bubble flow visualization in the water tunnel. Velocity and pressure components were acquired by employing hot-wire anemometers and digital manometers in the wind tunnel. From the experiment, it has been found that, at gap ratios less than 1. 6, the gap flow was biased either upward or downward and maintained a stable biased flow pattern. The width of the wake on the biased SIDE was increased with the gap ratio, while that on the unbiased SIDE was decreased. At 1. 6 ≤ G* < 2. 0, the switching of the biased gap flow appeared due to the flow instability by mutual interference of the vortex shedding from the plates, while at G* of 2. 0 or more, the gap flow was no longer biased. The plates on the biased SIDE showed relatively low base pressure and high velocity, and detected periodic vortex shedding, while those on the unbiased SIDE showed the opposite phenomena. At gap ratios less than 2. 0, two Strouhal numbers indicating the bi-stable situation exist, and the difference between the two Strouhal numbers decreased with the gap ratio.